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Sweet wines are often overlooked or underestimated in the wine world. Yet they offer a diversity of flavors and textures that are worth exploring.
A sweet wine is characterized by a higher residual sugar content than dry wines. This sugar comes from grapes that have not fully fermented, leaving a natural sweetness in the wine. French sweet wines can be white , red or rosé and vary in sweetness from slightly sweet to very sweet.
Late harvest
Late harvesting involves leaving grapes on the vine longer than usual, often until they are partially dried out by the sun. This method concentrates the grapes' natural sugars, resulting in a sweeter wine. Late harvesting is common in regions like Alsace in France, where wines like late Gewurztraminer and Riesling are produced.
Passerillage
Passerillage is a technique where grapes are dried, either on the vine or after harvest, to concentrate the sugars. This process is used in regions such as the Rhone Valley and the South of France . The result is a rich, sweet wine, often with aromas of dried fruit and honey.
Noble rot
Noble rot, caused by the fungus Botrytis cinerea, is a unique method that produces some of the world’s most famous wines, such as Sauternes in France and Tokaji in Hungary. This fungus dehydrates the grapes, concentrating the sugars and aromas. Wines made with noble rot are often very complex, with notes of tropical fruits, honey and caramel.
The mutation
Mutage is a technique used to stop fermentation by adding alcohol, usually in the form of brandy. This method allows for a significant amount of residual sugar to be retained. Fortified wines, such as Port in Portugal and Banyuls in France, are known for their richness and sweetness.
France
France is renowned for its quality French sweet wines , with regions such as Sauternes in Bordeaux, where Château d'Yquem produces some of the world's most prestigious wines. Alsace is also famous for its late harvests and selections of noble grains.
Germany
Germany produces exceptional natural sweet wines , mainly from the Riesling grape variety. Wines from the Moselle region, such as Spätlese and Trockenbeerenauslese , are particularly appreciated for their balance of sweetness and acidity.
Italy
Italy is not far behind with iconic sweet wines such as Tuscany's Vin Santo, made from raisined grapes, and Piedmont's Moscato d'Asti, known for its floral and fruity aromas.
Portugal
Portugal is famous for its Port wines, which are fortified and aged to develop rich, complex flavors. The different styles of Port, from Ruby to Tawny, offer a range of sweet flavors that appeal to many palates.
Serving temperature : Sweet wines are generally served chilled, between 8 and 12°C for whites and rosés, and slightly warmer for reds.
Wine Glass : Use a stemmed wine glass to concentrate aromas and allow for better aeration.
Food Pairings : Naturally sweet wines pair perfectly with desserts, blue cheeses, and even spicy dishes. Try a Sauternes with foie gras for an unforgettable gastronomic experience.
Patience : Sweet wines are often best after a few years of aging, which allows the flavors to develop and harmonize.
Natural sweet wines are a true invitation to discover a palette of flavors and textures that dry wines cannot offer. Whether to accompany a dessert, a cheese or simply for the pleasure of tasting an exceptional wine, French sweet wines deserve a special place in your cellar. So, the next time you are looking for a unique wine experience, think of sweet wines and let yourself be seduced by their sweet charm.
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